Michigan

Helmet Laws

• Bicycles:
  • No statewide helmet requirement, but strongly recommended for riders under 18.

• E-Bikes:
  • Riders under 18 must wear a helmet when operating a Class 3 e-bike.
  • No helmet requirement for Class 1 or 2, but use is encouraged.

E-Bike Classification

Michigan uses the standard 3-class e-bike system:

• Class 1: Pedal-assist only, up to 20 mph

• Class 2: Throttle-assist (no pedaling required), up to 20 mph

• Class 3: Pedal-assist only, up to 28 mph

✔ E-bikes are not motor vehicles in Michigan.
✔ No license, insurance, or registration required.

Where You Can Ride

• Sidewalks:
  • Sidewalk use is restricted or prohibited, depending on the city or county.

• Bike Lanes:
  • All classes of e-bikes are generally allowed in bike lanes.

• Shared-Use Paths / Trails:
  • Class 1 is allowed unless specifically prohibited.
  • Class 2 and Class 3 require local authority approval or signage.

• Roadways:
  • E-bikes may be operated like bicycles, following all standard traffic laws.

Age Restrictions

• Riders must be at least 14 years old to operate a Class 3 e-bike.

• Riders under 18 must wear a helmet on Class 3.

Lights & Equipment

• Night riding requires:
  • A white front light visible from 500 feet
  • A red rear reflector or light visible from 500 feet

• All e-bikes must have working brakes and reflectors.

Source:

Michigan Vehicle Code – MCL 257.13e & 257.662