Minnesota

Helmet Laws

• Bicycles:
  • No statewide helmet law, but wearing one is highly encouraged.

• E-Bikes:
  • No helmet requirement under state law, even for Class 3.
  • Helmet use is strongly recommended, especially for youth and high-speed riders.

E-Bike Classification

Minnesota uses a 3-class e-bike system, adopted in 2022:

• Class 1: Pedal-assist only, up to 20 mph

• Class 2: Throttle-assist, up to 20 mph

• Class 3: Pedal-assist only, up to 28 mph

✔ E-bikes are not classified as motor vehicles.
✔ No registration, insurance, or driver’s license required.

Where You Can Ride

• Sidewalks:
  • Generally prohibited for e-bikes, especially in business districts.

• Bike Lanes:
  • All classes are allowed unless locally restricted.

• Shared-Use Paths / Trails:
  • Class 1 and 2 are permitted.
  • Class 3 may be prohibited on certain trails with pedestrian focus.

• Roadways: E-bikes may be used as bicycles, following all road laws.

Age Restrictions

• Riders must be at least 15 years old to operate an e-bike in Minnesota.

• There are no specific age-based class restrictions beyond the 15-year-old minimum.

Lights & Equipment

• For riding at night:
  • A white front light visible from 500 feet
  • A red rear light or reflector visible from 600 feet

• E-bikes must have functional brakes and reflectors.

Source:

Minnesota Statutes §169.011 and §169.222