Ohio

Helmet Laws

• Bicycles:
  • No statewide helmet law, but some cities (e.g., Cleveland, Columbus) require helmets for riders under 18.

• E-Bikes:
  • Class 3 e-bike riders must wear helmets, regardless of age.
  • Helmet use is strongly encouraged across all classes and age groups.

E-Bike Classification

Ohio follows the standard 3-class e-bike system:

• Class 1: Pedal-assist only, max 20 mph

• Class 2: Throttle-assist, max 20 mph

• Class 3: Pedal-assist only, max 28 mph

✔ E-bikes are not classified as motor vehicles.
✔ No license, registration, or insurance is required for e-bike operation.

Where You Can Ride

• Sidewalks:
  • Generally not allowed for e-bikes. Local ordinances may vary.

• Bike Lanes:
  • E-bikes are allowed in bike lanes.

• Shared-Use Paths / Trails:
  • Class 1 & 2 are permitted unless restricted by local authorities.
  • Class 3 may be prohibited on shared-use trails.

• Roadways:
  • Legal to ride on roadways where bicycles are allowed — e-bike riders must follow all applicable traffic laws.

Age Restrictions

• Riders must be at least 16 years old to operate a Class 3 e-bike.

• Class 1 and 2 e-bikes have no age restriction, though local laws may vary.

Lights & Equipment

• At night, e-bikes and bicycles must have:
  • A white front light visible from 500 feet
  • A red rear reflector or light visible from 300 feet

• Working brakes and reflective materials are required.

Source:

Ohio Revised Code – Section 4511.522